Phosphorus recovery by struvite precipitation: a review of the impact of calcium on struvite quality

Abstract Precipitation of phosphorus (P) as a struvite product from wastewater and local magnesium (Mg) sources is considered high economical prudent venture, it has shown to bring down the cost producing product. However, there significant concentration calcium (Ca) in these Mg most sources. The presence Ca during precipitation been negatively affect quality produced. low greatly impedes its use fertiliser given economic value an alternative P fertiliser. This review paper provides understanding how affects purity, crystal size, morphology struvite. Different methods that have used mitigate effect on reviewed. factors recovery percentage recoveries by different also serves basis for further research where possibility removing explored. When removed before carried out, will be improved.